Static 2D culture has been the standard since the 1950s. But it strips away the forces that shape cells in the body: stretch, compression, shear stress, and matrix stiffness.
No force, no real biology.
The cost shows up later. Roughly 90% of drug candidates entering clinical development never reach approval. Animal studies add variability, long timelines, high costs, and ethical burdens.
The question isn’t whether to drop animal models. It’s how to decide better before you use them.
Cells feel force and turn it into decisions: survive, grow, differentiate, or die. Taihoya ATMS recreates that force in vitro, so you can:
Move the filter upstream. Save time, budget, and animals.
Cyclic stretch can now organize epithelial cells into columnar structures. Static 2D culture can’t do this. The mechanism is published in Cell Reports (2025) .
Flat cells in a dish are not the tissue in your body. Now you can get closer to the real thing in:
Better epithelium, better disease models.
A material that works in a static dish may fail in the body. ATMS tests materials and cells together, under motion.
Cyclic compression on porous materials builds stronger cartilage-forming cells.
Adipose-derived stem cells grown in porous scaffolds under cyclic compression adapt to physical load and shift toward cartilage cell growth and differentiation .
Cyclic stretch vs. static culture: 1.3X boost in neural cell efficacy
Test your materials the way the body will use them.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are powerful drug carriers. But 2D culture gives low yield and little control over what’s inside. Mechanical stimulation fixes both.
More: ~115X higher EV yield vs. 2D culture.
HEK293T cells in 3D auxetic scaffolds under cyclic stretch produced about 115X more EVs, driven by YAP/TAZ mechanosensing. These EVs also carried doxorubicin better than 2D-derived EVs .
Better: smarter cargo.
Stretch-conditioned stem cell scaffolds enriched EVs with miR-30 through a YAP-dependent pathway, for pulmonary fibrosis therapy .
Force doesn’t just make more EVs. It changes what they carry.
| System | Indications | What Force Reveals |
|---|---|---|
| Brain / CNS | TBI | Stress response, glial activation, neuroinflammation |
| Cardiovascular | Atherosclerosis, hypertension, hypertrophy, heart failure | Vascular mechanotransduction, cardiomyocyte maturation |
| Bone & Joint | Osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, tendinopathy | Cartilage degradation, tendon repair, chondrogenesis |
| Lung / Airway | ARDS, VILI, pulmonary fibrosis, bronchial disease | Alveolar stress, epithelial injury, columnar bronchial epithelium |
| GI Tract | IBD, CRC, barrier dysfunction | Barrier integrity, inflammation, columnar epithelium |
| Pancreas | Main pancreatic duct disease | Columnar ductal epithelium |
| Reproductive | Fallopian tube, uterine disease | Columnar tubal and uterine epithelium |
| Liver | Fibrosis, cirrhosis, HCC | Stiffening, stromal activation |
| Kidney | PKD, CKD | Tubular epithelium, cilia sensing, fibrosis |
| Skin | Wound healing, keloids, scars | Contraction, re-epithelialization, collagen deposition |
| Immune | Macrophage polarization | M1/M2 commitment, inflammation resolution |
| Oncology | EMT, invasion, metastasis | CAF activation, ECM remodeling, metastatic tropism |
| Drug Carriers / EVs | Cancer drug delivery, pulmonary fibrosis | EV yield and cargo control |